[Science] - "Living & Non-Living Things" - (Cells)

LIVING                                                  Non-Living

They are able to grow	They are not able to grow
They are able to breathe	They can’t breathe
They can move on their own	They can’t
They have sensory organs	They don’t unfortunately
They can produce offsprings (reproduce)	They can’t

Livings things are created/made up out of “cells.” They are able to maintain to balance… be stable between two things as of being dependent on each other. Livings things are also able to move, feed, grow, reproduce, excrete waste and also breathe… unlike Non-living things which cannot indeed breathe… for example, a car can’t breathe because they don’t have any organs to produce oxygen. Non-living things are not able to move on their own but Living things are, they don’t have all of these characteristics. It is defined that life uses a body of attribution which living organisms share.

PLANT CELL:                                            ANIMAL CELL:

The differences between these two cells “Plant Cell” and “Animal cell” is that there is a total difference in size construction... there are a few difference main structures between these cells, as it concludes the vacuole in the Plant cell and in the Animal cell, it has a more than one. As of animals and plants, they are different but they are still a living thing in life. Plants are able to move around in some cases but not as swiftly animals, it takes quite a long period of time for them to move on their own.

Cell membrane: Very thin transparent sheet that holds everything inside & controls what comes in & out.

Cell wall: Made of cellulose & only found in plants, thick & strong, provides strength for the plant.

Nucleus: Usually a small dark circular spot. The control centre for the cell & contains genes.

Cytoplasm: Watery jelly like substance which fill most of the cell. It holds the cell organelles and contains nutrients & chemicals.

Vacuole: Water filled bubble that helps to keep the cell firm.

Chloroplasts: Small green structures found only in the green part of plants. Makes sugar for the plant.

Mitochondria: The part of the cell that does respiration to give the cell energy.

---

Specific Learning Outcomes:

Cells

• Describe the building blocks of living organisms
• Explain the function of cell structures
• Distinguish between plant and animal cells
• Describe how cells are involved in reproduction

Life on Earth - Plants

• Describe the importance of plants as producers
• Explain why leaves are called food factories
• Summarise the process of photosynthesis
• Describe the adaptations of leaves for photosynthesis

• List the reasons why water is so important to plants
• Describe how plants lose water to the atmosphere
• Explain how roots absorb water from the soil
• Outline the process which lifts water up a plant

• Describe the nitrogen cycle and its importance to plant growth
• Explain how the properties of soil impact on plant growth
• Discuss the impact of human activity on water and soil quality

---

Home Work

1. Differentiate between a car and a cat. Minimum 4 differences.

1. A cat has organs to create oxygen and a car doesn’t

2. The car is made of steel metal and as of a cat, it has smooth fur

3. A cat is able to move on it’s own, it has a system for sensing unlike a car

4. A car needs an automotive battery that is able to be recharged, the cat gets food for energy.

2. Differentiate between a plant cell & an animal cell

The differences between these two cells “Plant Cell” and “Animal cell” is that there is a total difference in size construction... there are a few difference main structures between these cells, as it concludes the vacuole in the Plant cell and none in the Animal cell. As of animals and plants, they are different but they are still a living thing in life. Plants are able to move around in some cases but not as swiftly animals, it takes quite a long period of time for them to move on their own.

3. Give functions of...

(I) Cell wall

The function of the cell wall provides strength for the plant.

(II) Cell membrane

This holds everything inside & controls what comes in and out

(III) Nucleus

It contains genes & is the control centre for the cell

(IV) Cytoplasm

It holds the cell organelles and contains nutrients & chemicals.

---

Unicellular: Those organisms which are made up of single cell are known as unicellular organisms for example “Amoeba.” It consists of an individual cell.

Multi-cellular: Those organisms which are made up of more than one cell are

known as multi-cellular organisms like plants, cat, dog & us.

[Science] - "Reproduction"

Reproduction:

Reproduction is a process in which organisms produce their offsprings.

Reproduction in Plants:

1. What is cutting and drafting?

Humans are able to propagate plants by artificial propagation. Taking cuttings and grafting are the methods of artificial propagation which you need to know. They are a quick way of propagating large numbers of identical plants, so they look the same towards each other.

2. What is a clone?

A clone is a group of cells or organisms which are genetically identical to each other.

3. What are the advantages of asexual reproduction in plants?

1. Only one parent plant is required
2. Young plants are identical to the parent, so that good features will always be passed on.

Reproduction is of two types:

Two Types-  Asexual & Sexual:

1. Asexual reproduction:

In this type of reproduction only one organism (parent) or part is required and new organism is produced like unicellular organisms.

2. Sexual reproduction:

In this type of reproduction two organisms (male & female) takes part and new organisms are formed like in all multi-cellular organisms.

Asexual reproduction is found in plants and animals.

Vegetative propagation: It is a type of asexual reproduction in which any part of the organism develops into a new organisms like budding & fragmentation.

In plants stem, leaf or root develops into a new plant for example… stem in mint, onion & potato can grow into a new plant.

Vegetative propagation in plants is used to produce high yielding and better quality of fruits & vegetables.

In animals sometimes they reproduce by fragmentation for spore formation where only single organism produces new organism.

1. Brief definition of "Reproduction"

The definition of reproduction is the action or process of creating another form of something, as in duplicating or copying of the same form. Example; Human beings make youngs which are “babies”, Animals such as cats create another form of itself which we call “kittens.” That is the outcome of reproduction. Reproduction is when new organisms are generated, it is the process of species continuation of it’s existence. There are two means of reproducing such as Asexual and Sexual.  

2. What is sexual & asexual reproduction?

Sexual Reproduction:

A type of reproduction that is needed of two individuals of different gender (sexes) combining to form another individual. Does not involve sex cells or gametes

Asexual Reproduction:

A type of reproduction in which the fusion of gametes is not included, so it’s not needed. Offspring arises, as an individual is formed from a single organism. It is the formation of a new individual from the cell of a single parent.

3. Give examples of asexual reproduction in plants & animals:

Animals= reproduce sexually by gametes that are produced that join in fertilisation. Plants= reproduce asexually through the roots such as corns and stem tubers. Some plants can produce seeds without fertilisation, where the ovule or ovary gives rise to new seeds it self.

4. Give example of sexual reproduction in plants & in plants & animals:

Plants= reproduce sexually through flowering plants, in which has organ like genetics within the flower, which is The Carpels and The Stamen.

Animals= reproduce asexually through fission, budding & fragmentation.

5. What are the advantages & disadvantages of asexual reproduction?

Advantages:

It promises reproduction and is able to create individuals very fast and comes in large amount. Because there’s no more sexual reproduction, you don’t need sperm nor egg.

Disadvantages:

For the male gamete to meet the female gamete, it needs water, because of an asexual reproduction it is not needed. An asexual reproduction, population intends to be genetically static. Because they're all the same - having all the same characteristics, for example; a plant can only withstand about 7 degrees for them to be able to live, if the temperature goes less than 7 degrees, they will die.

6. What are the advantages & disadvantages of sexual reproduction?

Advantages:

Characteristics are inherited from two parents. This  variation in the offspring. In changing the environment, this gives a good chance of at least a few to survive, for example; diseases and etc. Not all of them will die but the ones that are able to cope with the climate changes, they are most likely to survive. So like, the ones that had survived, they have the tolerance.

-Seeds/fruit are formed and is allowed for long distance dispersal

Disadvantages:

If there are too much variation prevents close adaptation to any given environment, which produces large numbers of gametes and is wasteful since a lot of them will die in stressful environments. The offsprings that inherit the genes who can’t tolerate, they are most likely to not survive.

• Characteristics are inherited from two parents - this produces variation in the offspring;
• This gives a good chance of at least a few surviving diseases, changes of climate, etc.

• “Jack of all trades, Master of none.”

Defines those who are good at a lot of things and those who aren’t.

Questions On Reproduction:

Look at the picture of a grass flower...

(a) Is this flower insect or wind pollinated?

Answer: Wind pollinated

(b) Name a structure which is absent or not labelled on this flower which would be significant in flowers which use the other method of pollination.

Answer: Large colourful petals/nectary

(c) Choose one feature of the stamen, and one feature of the stigma which are shown on the diagram and explain how each feature helps with the plant’s method of pollination.

Answer: The stigma is feathery in shape. This gives it a very large surface area for catching pollen grains blowing in the wind. It is also hanging outside the rest of the flower so that it is in the best place to catch drifting pollen. The anther is large and hangs outside the flower. This means that it can produce lots of pollen and that it will be efficiently released into the air.

(d) Name a plant which reproduces asexually by means of runners and give a brief description of how this is achieved…

Answer: Strawberries. Runners are side shoots which grow out from the parent plant and form buds at points along the runner; the buds form roots and grow into new plants.

[Health] - "Well being Model" (Treasure Chest)

 

Greetings and welcome to my new blog post! Throughout this term in Health with Miss Dougherty, we've mostly been learning about the four dimensions of our well being, which is well known to be Spiritual, Social, Physical and Mental/Emotional. Today we've taken a step further towards our learning object. Our task was to figure out what model would we be able to create that would best suit you... as an individual, or what you prefer to have. The model would consist of the dimensions that you think is important to you in your life. As you can see on the image above, I've created a Google Drawing that indicates what I've come up with, and I've chosen to do a "Treasure Chest" - which longs to be underwater. This treasure chest represents what I find quite important in my life... to store them in a safe place. I decided to create a treasure chest because I think that it could symbolise something that I adore most... my treasures - by treasures, I don't mean like actual treasures, it's the gifts and potential to do something special for others. It'll also symbolise my family, to keep hold of what's very important in life for me.

The dimensions that I have used within the image above is...

Physical - because being physically active is what I enjoy and it is my passion to keep fit, which can lead to having a career in the future of playing Football/Soccer.

Spiritual - because I admire my religion... going to church is very important in life for myself and my family, it's part of my culture to attend every service of church. Music has also affected my spiritual well being because it is something that I find really relaxing and comfortable.

Social - because well for me... every once in a while, I get quite bored of doing nothing, if there were to be nothing fun in the world to do. Socialising with others allowed me to enjoy life, as I love meeting other people and getting along with them. It also allowed me to be creative... to design things and be me because that is what I love doing in life - 'be creative to seek a whole new world in need to be encountered.'

[DigiTech] - "Basic Platform Game"

My E-portfolio is going to be used to visually showcase the work that I will be doing in technology this year. My blog will be used to reflect on my learning in technology. The Year 10 DigiTech Google+ Community will be used to collaborate with other students about the work that we complete in DigiTech.

We will be developing a game relating to "Sustainability." We have been trialling a game to learn new skills in Scratch.

Here is "The Basic Platform Game" I've re-crafted for my ICT project.

PLEASE read the instructions before you start or else, you will find this game very difficult and might rage at some point within the game. Always remember to stay calm... "Please do not hesitate"

1. Click the "Green Flag" to begin...

2. Use the arrow keys to move the sprite around

3. Press the spacebar on your keyboard to jump

4. The Red coloured object indicates "Next Level"

I recommend you do not intend to HACK this game :D

- Don't run into the blue area because YOU WILL DIE!

- The green structure (grass) within the game allows you to jump on them as an object that allows you to have gravity.

- Be careful to not go through the gaps, always remember to JUMP!

HINT: Read the titles carefully to complete some levels within the game!

"Take It Slow" GOOD LUCK!!!!!!!!!!

 Music: Alan Walker - Force [NCS Release]

Three skills I've learnt in Scratch:
• Coding/Making scripts
• How to make a sprite
• How to create backdrops

[DigiTech] - "Issues & Possible Solutions"

Greetings and welcome to my blog post! During ICT (DigiTech) Class with Ms Anderson, we've been learning about creating a multi-level game, we've been planning on making a multi-level game that focuses on the topic of "Sustainability." This diagram I've created using Google Drawing is to signify the planning of what an issue is within the Tamaki Community and convert that into a "Multi-level" game which is created using a Game Making Application called Scratch. You might of have seen my previous blog post about the game I've created using Scratch and that is just the basics that will lead to making a game that is much more related to school which will help the Tamaki Community. Please feel free to leave some feedback :) Here is the link to find a Google Form Survey to help me figure out what type of game I should make. I'd appreciate it very much if you'd check it out, thank you for your time!

LINK: https://docs.google.com/a/tamaki.ac.nz/forms/d/1CByrwV49AJSl06kIbM9FqTWolAzleajvL5QgJ3hb-JU/edit

[DigiTech] - "Context Brainstorm"

Greetings and welcome to my blog! Throughout this term, we've been experiencing in making digital games within Scratch. It is now the 5th week of learning in DigiTech and here is a Context Brainstorm I've created using Google Drawing. We've been planning on making a new game with the topic of "Sustainability" as it is mentioned within the Brainstorm. You'd be able to visit my previous blog post in DigiTech, that has my Basic Platform Game. I surely would love some feedback :D Thank you for visiting my blog, I appreciate it very much indeed!

[DigiTech] - "Design Ideas" Outcome (Brainstorm)

Greetings and welcome to my new blog post! This blog post is to reflect on what I've been doing within our double period of DigiTech (ICT) with Ms Anderson. So today, our task was to complete the "excellence" task within the steps, activities of making our game based on the topic, "Sustainability." As you may of have seen through out my other activities, I have completed the research part of developing the game - resources needed and etc. This is a Google Drawing that was set up for our task "Design Ideas", which I have now completed. It consists of what the outcome of my game will be developed, click on the image above to see what it is written in it. Thank you very much for visiting my blog, I appreciate it a lot!

"Research" - (Outcome Development & Evaluation) DigiTech 2017

Greetings and welcome to my new blog post! Throughout this year in DigiTech (ICT) with Ms Anderson, we've been planning to make a multi-level game based on the topic, "Sustainability." We've finally reached the Outcome Development & Evaluation part of our main task. This document will define the Research that I've created to show what my game will include and what is used to make the game function. I would indeed love some feedback in the comments section down below. Thank you very much for visiting my blog, I appreciate your time for doing so :)

Page 1: - (Content)

Page 2: - (Materials)

Page 3: - (How To Create The Outcome)

Page 4: - (Other Useful Information)